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Electrical engineering
1. Electricity has been a subject of scientific interest since at least the early 17th century. The first electrical engineer was probably William Gilbert who designed the versorium: a device that detected the presence of statically charged objects. He was also the first to draw a clear distinction between magnetism and static electricity and is credited with establishing the term electricity. In 1775 Alessandro Volta‘s scientific experimentations devised the electrophorus, a device that produced a static electric charge, and by 1800 Volta developed the voltaic pile, a forerunner of the electric battery.
2. Electrical engineering is a field of engineering that generally deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. This field first became an identifiable occupation in the latter half of the 19th century after commercialization of the electric telegraph, the telephone, and electric power distribution and use. It now covers a wide range of subfields including electronics, digital computers, power engineering, telecommunications, control systems, RF engineering, and signal processing.
3. Electrical engineering may include electronic engineering. Where a distinction is made, usually outside of the United States, electrical engineering is considered to deal with the problems associated with systems such as electric power transmission and electrical machines, whereas electronic engineering deals with the study of electronic systems including computers, communication systems, integrated circuits, and radar. From a different point-of-view, electrical engineers are usually concerned with using electricity to transmit electric power, while electronic engineers are concerned with using electricity to process information.
Electrical engineering
1. Electricity has been a subject of scientific interest since at least the early 17th century. The first electrical engineer was probably William Gilbert who designed the versorium: a device that detected the presence of statically charged objects. He was also the first to draw a clear distinction between magnetism and static electricity and is credited with establishing the term electricity. In 1775 Alessandro Volta‘s scientific experimentations devised the electrophorus, a device that produced a static electric charge, and by 1800 Volta developed the voltaic pile, a forerunner of the electric battery.
2. Electrical engineering is a field of engineering that generally deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. This field first became an identifiable occupation in the latter half of the 19th century after commercialization of the electric telegraph, the telephone, and electric power distribution and use. It now covers a wide range of subfields including electronics, digital computers, power engineering, telecommunications, control systems, RF engineering, and signal processing.
3. Electrical engineering may include electronic engineering. Where a distinction is made, usually outside of the United States, electrical engineering is considered to deal with the problems associated with systems such as electric power transmission and electrical machines, whereas electronic engineering deals with the study of electronic systems including computers, communication systems, integrated circuits, and radar. From a different point-of-view, electrical engineers are usually concerned with using electricity to transmit electric power, while electronic engineers are concerned with using electricity to process information.
Основной идеей текста является …
✓ Electrical engineering is a relatively new field of engineering dealing with the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism.
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В тексте говорится о том
1) с какого времени ученые изучают электричество («Electricity has been a subject of scientific interest since at least the early 17th century» – фрагмент 1), какие ученые были пионерами в области практического применения электричества («The first electrical engineer was probably William Gilbert who designed the versorium…» – фрагмент 1), а также в выявлении связей между электричеством и магнетизмом («He (William Gilbert) was also the first to draw a clear distinction between magnetism and static electricity… Alessandro Volta‘s scientific experimentations devised the electrophorus, a device that produced a static electric charge…» – фрагмент 1);
2) что изучает электротехника («Electrical engineering is a field of engineering that generally deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism» – фрагмент 2), а также описывается история ее возникновения («This field first became an identifiable occupation in the latter half of the 19th century after commercialization of the electric telegraph…» – фрагмент 2);
3) что в мире существуют различные точки зрения на взаимоотношения между электротехникой и электроникой (фрагмент 3).
Таким образом, правильный вариант ответа – «Electrical engineering is a relatively new field of engineering dealing with the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism» («Электротехника – это относительно новая область инженерного дела, занимающаяся исследованием и применением электричества, электроники и электромагнетизма»).
В тексте говорится о том
1) с какого времени ученые изучают электричество («Electricity has been a subject of scientific interest since at least the early 17th century» – фрагмент 1), какие ученые были пионерами в области практического применения электричества («The first electrical engineer was probably William Gilbert who designed the versorium…» – фрагмент 1), а также в выявлении связей между электричеством и магнетизмом («He (William Gilbert) was also the first to draw a clear distinction between magnetism and static electricity… Alessandro Volta‘s scientific experimentations devised the electrophorus, a device that produced a static electric charge…» – фрагмент 1);
2) что изучает электротехника («Electrical engineering is a field of engineering that generally deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism» – фрагмент 2), а также описывается история ее возникновения («This field first became an identifiable occupation in the latter half of the 19th century after commercialization of the electric telegraph…» – фрагмент 2);
3) что в мире существуют различные точки зрения на взаимоотношения между электротехникой и электроникой (фрагмент 3).
Таким образом, правильный вариант ответа – «Electrical engineering is a relatively new field of engineering dealing with the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism» («Электротехника – это относительно новая область инженерного дела, занимающаяся исследованием и применением электричества, электроники и электромагнетизма»).
