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Market Economies
1. In a true market economy the government plays no role in the management of the economy, the government does not intervene in it. The system is based on private enterprise with private ownership of the means of production and private supplies of capital, which can be defined as surplus income available for investment in new business activities. Workers are paid wages by employers according to how skilled they are and how many firms wish to employ them. They spend their wages on the products and services they need. Consumers are willing to spend more on products and services, which are favoured. Firms producing these goods will make more profits and this will persuade more firms to produce these particular goods rather than less favoured ones.
2. Thus, in a market economy consumers decide what is to be produced. Consumers will be willing to pay high prices for products they particularly desire. Firms, which are privately owned, see the opportunity of increased profits and produce the new fashionable and favoured products.
3. Such a system is, at first view, very attractive. The economy adjusts automatically to meet changing demands. No planners have to be employed, which allows more resources to be available for production. Firms tend to be highly competitive in such an environment. New advanced products and low prices are good ways to increase sales and profits. Since all firms are privately owned they try to make the largest profits possible.
Market Economies
1. In a true market economy the government plays no role in the management of the economy, the government does not intervene in it. The system is based on private enterprise with private ownership of the means of production and private supplies of capital, which can be defined as surplus income available for investment in new business activities. Workers are paid wages by employers according to how skilled they are and how many firms wish to employ them. They spend their wages on the products and services they need. Consumers are willing to spend more on products and services, which are favoured. Firms producing these goods will make more profits and this will persuade more firms to produce these particular goods rather than less favoured ones.
2. Thus, in a market economy consumers decide what is to be produced. Consumers will be willing to pay high prices for products they particularly desire. Firms, which are privately owned, see the opportunity of increased profits and produce the new fashionable and favoured products.
3. Such a system is, at first view, very attractive. The economy adjusts automatically to meet changing demands. No planners have to be employed, which allows more resources to be available for production. Firms tend to be highly competitive in such an environment. New advanced products and low prices are good ways to increase sales and profits. Since all firms are privately owned they try to make the largest profits possible.
- ✓ Market economies based on private enterprise with private ownership adjusts to changing demands.
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В тексте речь идет о том, что рыночная экономика основана на частном предпринимательстве и частной собственности («The system is based on private enterprise with private ownership of the means of production» – фрагмент 1). Она легко приспосабливается к меняющемуся спросу потребителей, которые решают, что должно производиться («The economy adjusts automatically to meet changing demands» – фрагмент 3).
Таким образом, правильный вариант ответа – «Market economies based on private enterprise with private ownership adjusts to changing demands» («Рыночная экономика, основанная на частном предпринимательстве и частной собственности, приспосабливается к меняющемуся спросу»).
В тексте речь идет о том, что рыночная экономика основана на частном предпринимательстве и частной собственности («The system is based on private enterprise with private ownership of the means of production» – фрагмент 1). Она легко приспосабливается к меняющемуся спросу потребителей, которые решают, что должно производиться («The economy adjusts automatically to meet changing demands» – фрагмент 3).
Таким образом, правильный вариант ответа – «Market economies based on private enterprise with private ownership adjusts to changing demands» («Рыночная экономика, основанная на частном предпринимательстве и частной собственности, приспосабливается к меняющемуся спросу»).
